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Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Barley stripe mosaic hordeivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by C. Büchen-Osmond, 1987.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

barley false stripe virus, possibly barley yellow stripe virus, barley mild stripe virus, oat stripe mosaic virus.

Acronym

BSMV

Strains

type strain, Russian, Norwich (ND 18), Canadian severe, Argentine mild (AM), Rothamsted (R).

ICTV decimal code

32.0.1.0.003

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum - mild stripe mosaic to lethal necrosis.

Transmission

Transmitted by means not involving a vector. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seed (up to 90-100%); transmitted by pollen to the pollinated plant.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by McKinney (1953); Gold et al. (1954); Gardner (1967); Sprague et al. (1963); McNeal et al. (1976); Sandfaer (1971).

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide. Spreads in the Eurasian region, the North American region, and the Pacific region; Australia, China, the UK, the USA, and the former USSR.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show stripe mosaic in monocotyledonous species, and chlorotic local lesions in dicotyledonous species.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum, Avena sativa - systemic stripe mosaic.
• Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, C. album - large chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Beta vulgaris - chlorotic local lesions; not systemic.
• Zea mays - systemic stripe mosaic.
• Spinacia oleracea - systemic mosaic.
• Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun - local chlorotic lesions; not systemic.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Hordeum vulgare, Triticum aestivum.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L); Chenopodium quinoa (L).

Susceptible host species

• Anthoxanthum aristatum
• Anthoxanthum odoratum
• Avena sativa
• Beta vulgaris
• Bromus secalinus
• Bromus tectorum
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Dactylis glomerata
• Echinochloa crus-galli
• Elytrigia intermedia
• Eragrostis cilianensis
• Festuca pratensis
• Hordeum vulgare
• Lagurus ovatus
• Lolium multiflorum
• Lolium perenne
• Lolium persicum
• Lolium temulentum
• Lophopyrum elongatum
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Oryza sativa
• Oryzopsis miliacea
• Panicum capillare
• Panicum miliaceum
• Phalaris arundinacea
• Phalaris paradoxa
• Phleum arenarium
• Phleum pratense
• Poa annua
• Poa pratensis
• Secale cereale
• Setaria italica
• Setaria macrostachya
• Setaria viridis
• Sorghum bicolor
• Spinacia oleracea
• Triticum aestivum
• Triticum durum
• Zea mays

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Chenopodiaceae (5/5)
• Gramineae (35/35)
• Solanaceae (1/1)

Sources of host-range data

Nitzany and Gerechter (1962); Ohmann-Kreutzberg (1962); McKinney and Greeley (1965); Kirstensen and Engsbro (1970); Novikov and Atabekov (1970); Polak and Slykhuis (1972).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-68 °C (McKinney, 1951; Kassanis and Slykhuis, 1959). LIV: 15-22 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 2-4.

Purification method

Novikov (1970).

Particle morphology

Virions rod-shaped; not enveloped; usually straight; with a clear modal length; of 112-150 nm (Gold et al., 1954; Harrison et al., 1965); 18-24 nm wide. Axial canal obvious; 3-4 nm in diameter (Gibbs et al., 1963; Harrison et al., 1965; Finch, 1966). Basic helix obvious; pitch of basic helix 2.5-2.6 nm.

Physical properties

Three sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient of the fastest 199 S; of the other(s) 166-194 S (Brakke and Palomar, 1976; Harrison et al., 1965). Isoelectric point pH 4.5. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 0.99 (corrected).

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 3.8-4 % nucleic acid; 96 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear. Total genome size 10.289 kb. Genome of three parts (RNA-a, RNA-b and RNA-g are separately encapsidated); largest (or only) genome part the largest 4 kb; the 2nd largest 3.289 kb; the 3rd largest 3.164 kb (or smaller depending on the strain. The Agentine strain has another RNA component of 2.5 kb). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Lane (1974); Gustafson and Armour (1986). Base composition 20.3-23.5 % G; 27-30.9 % A; 19.4-21.5 % C; 28-29.4 % U (Atabekov and Novikov, 1971). 5´ terminus of RNA has a methylated nucleotide cap. Poly A region present; of variable lengths and between the coding region and the 3´ tRNA-like structure in each genomic RNA. Genome has tRNA-like activity. Genome accepts and accepts tyrosine. Nucleotide sequence references: Gustafson and Armour (1986).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• J04342 Em(40)_vi:HOMBSARN Gb(84)_vi:MBSARNA Barley stripe mosaic virus alpha RNA, complete cds. 11/89 3,768bp.
• M11509 Em(40)_vi:HOBSMG1 Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAGSA Barley stripe mosaic virus (ND18) gamma-subgenomic RNA, 3´ end. 4/90 156bp.
• M11510 Em(40)_vi:HOBSMG2 Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAGSB Barley stripe mosaic virus (Type) gamma-subgenomic RNA, 3´ end. 4/90 159bp.
• M11511 Em(40)_vi:HOBSMG3 Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAG Barley stripe mosaic virus gamma-RNA, 3´ end. 4/90 92bp.
• M16576 Em(40)_vi:HOMBS Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAGT Barley stripe mosaic virus (Type) RNA-gamma segment. 7/89 3,164bp.
• M16577 Em(40)_vi:HOMBSRNA Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAGND Barley stripe mosaic virus (ND18) RNA-gamma segment. 7/89 2,791bp.
• M28702 Em(40)_sy:CVRVPS Gb(84)_sy:SYNBSMRVPS Barley stripe mosaic virus, 3´ end/E.coli T7 promoter recombinant DNA. 2/90 54bp
• M38631 Em(40)_vi:MBSRNAL Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAL Barley stripe mosaic virus 5´ leader sequence of RNA. 5/94 91bp.
• M38632 Em(44)n:Bsrnao Gb(90)n:Mbsrnao Barley stripe mosaic virus (type strain) genomic RNA-gamma, 5' leader. 8/95 91bp.
• M38633 Em(40)_vi:MBSRNAN Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAN Barley stripe mosaic virus 5´ leader sequence of RNA, CV17. 5/94 88bp.
• M59831 Em(40)_vi:MBSRNAM Gb(84)_vi:MBSRNAM Barley stripe mosaic virus 5´ leader sequence of RNA. 5/94 91bp.
• U05346 Em(40)_vi:BS05346 Gb(84)_vi:BSU05346 Barley stripe mosaic virus ND18 alpha protein gene, partial cds. 3/94 823bp
• U05347 Em(40)_vi:BS05347 Gb(84)_vi:BSU05347 Barley stripe mosaic virus CV42 RNA-alpha segment alpha protein gene, complete cds. 3/94 3,78
• U13916 Gb(84)n:BSU13916 Barley stripe mosaic virus CV17 RNA gamma segment, complete sequence. 10/94 3,164bp.
• U13917 Gb(84)n:BSU13917 Barley stripe mosaic virus ND18 RNA gamma segment, complete sequence. 10/94 2,790bp.
• U13918 Gb(84)n:BSU13918 Barley stripe mosaic virus Type RNA gamma segment, complete sequence. 10/94 3,168bp.
• X01025 Em(40)_vi:HOBSMVRN Gb(84)_vi:HOBSMVRN Barley stripe mosaic virus RNA2 3´-terminal non coding region. 7/89 238bp.
• X03854 Em(40)_vi:HOBMSVRB Gb(84)_vi:HOBMSVRB Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV, Type strain) genomic RNA beta. 9/93 3,289bp.
• X05214 Em(40)_pl:ZMBS1TRA Gb(84)_pl:ZMBS1TRA Maize transposon Bs1 terminal repeat in Adh1 gene following barley stripe mosaic virus infect
• X52774 Em(40)_vi:BSMVRNA3 Gb(84)_vi:BSMVRNA3 Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) third genomic component RNA 3. 5/93 3,164bp.
• X52775 Em(40)_vi:BSMVRNA1 Gb(84)_vi:BSMVRNA1 Barley stripe mosaic virus 3´ region of the first genomic component RNA1. 5/93 872bp. 20 sequences.

Features of the genome

Features of the genome: RNA-a has one ORF that encodes the 130 kDa (? replicase); RNA-b encodes the 22 kDa (coat protein) and the 60, 17 and 14 kDa (movement proteins); RNA-g has 2 ORFs and encodes the 87 kDa (? polymerase) and 17 kDa (regulator of the translation of RNA-b genes.

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions; is tRNA; generated from the 3´-end of genome and of 1.830 and 0.788 kb.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 21500; it is coat protein. Method of preparation: Atabekov et al. (1968); Gumpf and Hamilton (1968). Amino acid sequence: Gustafson and Armour (1986). Amino acid composition: Atabekov et al. (1968); Gumpf and Hamilton (1968). Virion proteins glycosylated; are are the coat proteins (Gumpf et al., 1977; Partridge et al., 1976).

Virus-coded non-virion proteins identified by genomic sequence analysis (Gustafson and Armour (1986)); at least three proteins found. M_r 58087. M_r of 2nd largest 17378. M_r of 3rd 14119.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in all parts of the host plant; in cytoplasm and in nuclei. Inclusions absent from infected cells. Other cellular changes: peripheral vesicles in chloroplasts (Carroll, 1970).

Taxonomy and relationships

Hordeivirus (the type species)

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Lychnis ringspot virus, but distantly (Gibbs et al., 1963).

Additional comments on relationships

The genomic RNA do not hybridize with those of lychnis ringspot and poa semilatent hordeiviruses.

Comments and References

References

• Atabekov, J.G. and Novikov, V.K. (1971). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 68, 4 pp.
• Atabekov, J.G. and Novikov, V.K. (1989). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 344, 6 pp.
• Atabekov, J.G., Novikov, V.K., Kiselev, N.A., Kaftanova, A.S. and Egporov, A.M. (1968). Virology 36: 620.
• Brakke, M.K. and Palomar, M.K. (1976). Virology 71: 255.
• Carroll, T.W. (1970). Virology 42: 1015.
• Carroll, T.W. (1986). In: The Plant Viruses. Vol. 2, The Rod-Shaped Plant Viruses, p. 273; eds M.H.V. van Regenmortel and H. Fraenkel-Conrat. Plenum Press, New York.
• Edwards, M.C., Petty, I.T.D. and Jackson, A.O. (1992). Virology 189: 389.
• Finch, J.T. (1966). Nature, Lond. 212: 349.
• Gibbs, A.J., Kassanis, B., Nixon, H.L. and Woods, R.D. (1963). Virology 20: 194.
• Gold, A.H., Suneson, C.A. Houston, B.R. and Oswald, J.W. (1954). Phytopathology 44: 115.
• Gumpf, D.J., Cunningham, D.S., Heick, J.A. and Shannon, L.M. (1977). Virology 78: 328.
• Gumpf, D.J. and Hamilton, R.I. (1968). Virology 35: 87.
• Gustafson, G. and Armour, S.L. (1986). Nucl. Acids Res. 14: 3895.
• Harrison, B.D., Nixon, H.L. and Woods, R.D. (1965). Virology 26: 284.
• Jackson, A.O. and Lane, L.C. (1981). In: Handbook of Plant Virus Infections and Comparative Diagnosis, Hordeiviruses, p. 565; ed. E. Kurstak. Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, Amsterdam.
• Jackson, A.O., Hunter, B.G. and Gustafson, G.D. (1989). Ann. Rev. Phytopath. 27: 95.
• Jackson, A.O., Petty, I.T.D., Jones, R.W., Edwards, M.C. and French, R. (1991). Semin. Virol. 2: 107.
• Jackson, A.O., Petty, I.T.D., Jones, R.W., Edwards, M.C. and French, R. (1991). Can. J. Pl. Path. 13: 163.
• Kassanis, B. and Slykhuis, J.T. (1959). Ann. appl. Biol. 47: 254.
• Kirsten, H.R. and Engsbro, B. (1970). Tidsskr. PlAvl. 74: 326.
• Kiselev, N.A., Atabekov, J.G., Kaftanova, A.S. and Novikov, V.K. (1966). Biokhimiya 31: 670.
• McKinney, H.H. (1951). Phytopathology 41: 563.
• McKinney, H.H. (1953). Pl. Dis. Reptr 37: 292.
• McKinney, H.H and Greeley, L.W. (1953). Tech. Bull. U.S. Dep. Agric. 1324: 84 pp.
• McNeal, F.H., Berg, M.A. and Carroll, T.W. (1976). Pl. Dis. Reptr 60: 730.
• Na-Sheng, L. and Langenberg, W.G. (1985). Virology 142: 291.
• Nitzany, F.E. and Gerechter, E.K. (1962). Phytopathol. Medit. 2: 11.
• Novikov, V.K. (1970). Ph.D. Thesis, Moscow State University, USSR.
• Novikov, V.K. and Atabekov, J.G. (1970). Virology 41: 101.
• Ohmann-Kreutzberg, G. (1962). Phytopath. Z. 47: 1.
• Partridge, J.E., Shannon, L.M. and Gumpf, D.J. (1976). Biochim. biophys. Acta 451: 470.
• Partridge, J.E., Shannon, L.M. and Gumpf, D.J. and Colbaugh, P. (1974). Nature, Lond 247: 491.
• Petty, I.T.D. and Jackson, A.O. (1990). Virology 179: 712.
• Petty, I.T.D., Edwards, M.C. and Jackson, A.O. (1990). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 8894.
• Petty, I.T.D., French, R., Jones, R.W. and Jackson, A.O. (1990). EMBO J. 9: 33453.
• Polak, Z. and Slykhuis, J.T. (1972). Can. J. Bot. 50: 263.
• Sandfaer, J. (1971). Danish A.E.C. Risol. Rep. 230.
• Sprague, G.F., McKinney, H.H. and Greeley, L.W. (1963). Science, N.Y. 141: 1052.
• Veerisetty, V. (1978). Virology 84: 523.

Illustrations

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.