Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Asparagus 1 potyvirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by A. Bertaccini and W.E. Howell, 1991.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

asparagus virus B.

Acronym

AV-1

ICTV decimal code

57.0.1.0.006

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms none.
• Asparagus officinalis - symptomless.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Aphis craccivora, Myzus persicae; Aphididae. Principal natural vector(s): Myzus persicae. Not transmitted by Aphis gossypii, Macrosiphum euphorbiae. Transmitted in a non-persistent manner. Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Ecology and control

Studies reported by Yang and Clore (1976); Howell and Mink (1985); Bertaccini et al. (1990).

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide (wherever asparagus is grown commercially). Spreads in the Eastern Asian region, the Eurasian region, and the North American region; Germany, Italy, Japan, the UK, and the USA.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show necrotic local lesions.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Chenopodium album, C. amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Tetragonia tetragonioides - chlorotic or necrotic local lesions.

Diagnostically insusceptible host species

• Beta vulgaris, Cucumis sativus, Glycine max, Nicotiana tabacum, Phaseolus vulgaris, Vigna unguiculata.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Asparagus officinalis, Chenopodium amaranticolor, C. quinoa, Tetragonia tetragonioides.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium amaranticolor (L), Chenopodium quinoa (L), Tetragonia tetragonioides (L).

Susceptible host species

• Allium tuberosum
• Asparagus officinalis
• Chenopodium album
• Chenopodium amaranticolor
• Chenopodium capitatum
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Gomphrena globosa
• Tetragonia tetragonioides

Insusceptible host species

• Allium cepa
• Allium fistulosum
• Amaranthus retroflexus
• Apium graveolens
• Beta vulgaris
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa
• Capsicum frutescens
• Celosia cristata
• Chenopodium murale
• Cucumis sativus
• Cucurbita pepo
• Datura stramonium
• Daucus carota
• Dianthus caryophyllus
• Glycine max
• Gomphrena globosa
• Lactuca sativa
• Lilium elegans
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Nicotiana benthamiana
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana sylvestris
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Ocimum basilicum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Pisum sativum
• Sesamum indicum
• Solanum tuberosum
• Vicia faba
• Vigna unguiculata
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis
• Zea mays
• Zinnia elegans

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (1/3)
• Amaranthaceae (1/3)
• Asparagaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (4/6)
• Tetragoniaceae (1/1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Alliaceae (2/3)
• Amaranthaceae (3/3)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (2/6)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cruciferae (1/1)
• Cucurbitaceae (2/2)
• Gramineae (1/1)
• Labiatae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6 /6)
• Liliaceae (1/1)
• Pedaliaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (10/10)
• Umbelliferae (2/2)

Sources of host-range data

Hein (1960); Mink and Uyeda (1977); Fujisawa et al. (1983).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 50-55 °C. LIV: 2-11 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Fujisawa et al. (1983); Howell and Mink (1985).

Particle morphology

Virions filamentous; not enveloped; usually flexuous; with a clear modal length; of 740 nm; 13 nm wide. Axial canal obscure. Basic helix obscure.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient 146 S. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.24.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 6 % nucleic acid; 94 % protein.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, stems, roots and mesophyll; in cytoplasm. Inclusions present in infected cells; are pinwheels; they do not contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

Potyvirus: Potyviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Bean yellow mosaic, lettuce mosaic and turnip mosaic viruses.

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

Beet mosaic, iris mild mosaic and potato Y viruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

Asparagus 1 virus occurs naturally in asparagus plants that often are infected with tobacco streak, asparagus 2 or cucumber mosaic viruses. Few, if any, symptoms are caused. Asparagus 1 virus is readily separated from the others because its host range is limited and it causes only necrotic local lesions in Chenopodium quinoa and no symptoms in Cucumis sativus, Phaseolus vulgaris or Nicotiana tabacum.

Comments and References

General comments

Asparagus infected with asparagus 1 and 2 viruses are significantly more susceptible to damage caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. asparagi.

References

• Bertaccini, A., Marani, F. and Passarelli, V. (1984). Atti Giornate Fitopatol., 1984, Sorrento, Vol. 3, p. 437.
• Bertaccini, A., Giuncheoli, L. and Poggi Pollini, C. (1990). Acta Hort. 271: 279.
• Evans, T.A. and Stephens, C.T. (1989). Phytopathology 79: 253.
• Fujisawa, I., Goto, T., Tsuchizaki, T. and Chizuka, N. (1983). Ann. Phytopath. Soc. Japan 49: 299.
• Gröschel, H. and Jan-Ladwig, R. (1977). Phytopath. Z. 88: 183.
• Hein, A. (1960). Phytopath. Z. 67: 217.
• Hein, A. (1969). Z. PflKrankh. PflPath. PflSchutz. 76: 395.
• Howell, W.E. and Mink, G.I. (1985). Plant Dis. 69: 1044.
• Mink, G.I. and Uyeda, I. (1977). Pl. Dis. Reptr 61: 398.
• Montasser, M.S. and Davis, R.F. (1987). Plant Dis. 71: 497.
• Yang, H.J. (1979). Hort. Sci. 14: 734.
• Yang, H.J. and Clore, W.J. (1976). Hort. Sci. 12: 140.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.