Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Artichoke yellow ringspot nepovirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by D. Gallitelli, 1987.

Nomenclature

Acronym

AYRSV

ICTV decimal code

18.0.3.0.005

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist.
• Cynara scolymus, C. cardunculus, Nicotiana tabacum - chlorotic blotches, rings and lines.
• Anethum graveolens, Foeniculum sp., Nicotiana glauca, Phaseolus vulgaris, Reseda alba, Stellaria media, Vicia faba - chlorotic mottled and malformed leaves, plants stunted.

Transmission

Virus transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by seed; transmitted by pollen to the seed (in Datura stramonium, Nicotiana clevelandii, N. glutinosa, N. tabacum, Petunia × hybrida), or transmitted by pollen to the pollinated plant (in Nicotiana clevelandii).

Geographical distribution

Spreads in the Eurasian region; Greece and Italy.

Experimental host range

Many (>9) families susceptible.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Gomphrena globosa - reddish local lesions; systemic yellow ring and line patterns.
• Chenopodium quinoa - chlorotic/necrotic local lesions; systemic mottling and tip necrosis.
• Phaseolus vulgaris - reddish necrotic local lesions; systemic mosaic and leaf deformation.
• Cucumis sativus - chlorotic local lesions in cotyledons then mosaic, malformation and enations.
• Nicotiana tabacum - local and systemic chlorotic rings, line and oakleaf patterns.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Gomphrena globosa, Phaseolus vulgaris, Chenopodium quinoa, Cucumis sativus.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Chenopodium quinoa (L); Cucumis sativus (L); Canavalia ensiformis (L).

Susceptible host species

• Anethum graveolens
• Canavalia ensiformis
• Chenopodium quinoa
• Cucumis sativus
• Cynara cardunculus
• Cynara scolymus
• Foeniculum
• Gomphrena globosa
• Nicotiana clevelandii
• Nicotiana glauca
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana rustica
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Petunia × hybrida
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Reseda alba
• Stellaria media
• Vicia faba

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (1/1)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/1)
• Chenopodiaceae (1/1)
• Compositae (2/2)
• Cucurbitaceae (1/1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (3/3)
• Resedaceae (1/1)
• Solanaceae (6/6)
• Umbelliferae (2 /2)

Sources of host-range data

Kyriakopoulou and Bem (1973); Rana et al. (1978; 1980).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60 °C. LIV: 2 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 5. Leaf sap contains few virions.

Purification method

Rana et al. (1980).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped; 30 nm in diameter; angular in profile.

Physical properties

Two sedimenting components in purified preparations (T and B). Density 1.2-1.3 g cm^-3 in CsCl (T), or 1.4-1.53 g cm^-3 in CsCl (B).

Biochemical properties

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded. Total genome size 11.6 kb. Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 6.3 kb (RNA-1); the 2nd largest 5.3 kb (RNA-2). Genomic nucleic acid isolated by Reijnders et al. (1974).

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid not found in the virions.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one; M_r 53000.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, mesophyll and epidermis; in cytoplasm (stacked layers or between membranes or within tubular structures), or in nuclei (aggregates of empty virions). Inclusions present in infected cells; are unusual in shape; tangled membranes and vesicles containing finely stranded material resembling nucleic acid; they contain virions. Other cellular changes: cell wall abnormalities (callose deposition and wall outgrowths) and paramural bodies; dictyosomes are also affected and may take part in some steps of virus multiplication.

Taxonomy and relationships

Nepovirus: Comoviridae

Virus(es) with serologically unrelated virions

13 other known members of the genus.

Additional comments on relationships

M_r of its RNA-2 suggests artichoke yellow ringspot virus is in the cherry leaf roll subgroup of nepoviruses (Martelli et al., 1978).

Best tests for diagnosis

The symptoms shown by infected artichoke and cardoon plants are distinctive and unlike those caused by other viruses (Martelli et al., 1981).

Comments and References

References

• Kyriakopoulou, P.E. and Bem, F. (1973). Symp. Agric. Res., Athens, 1973. p.64.
• Martelli, G.P., Quacquarelli, A., Gallitelli, D., Savino, V. and Piazzolla, P. (1978). Phytopathol. Medit. 17: 145.
• Martelli, G.P., Russo, M. and Rana, G.L. (1981). Atti 3º Congr. Int. Carciofo, Bari, 1979, 895.
• Rana, G.L., Kyriakopoulou, P.E. and Martelli, G.P. (1985). CMI/AAB Descr. Pl. Viruses No. 271, 4 pp.
• Rana, G.L., Rosciglione, B. and Cannizzaro, G. (1978). Phytopathol. Medit. 17: 63.
• Rana, G.L., Gallitelli, D., Kyriakopoulou, P., Russo, M. and Martelli, G.P. (1980). Ann. appl. Biol. 96: 177.
• Reijnders, L., Aalbers, A.M.J., van Kammen, A. and Thuring, R.W.J. (1974). Virology 60: 515.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.