Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Abutilon mosaic bigeminivirus

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Comments and References

Data collated by H. Jeske, 1987 and F.J. Morales, 1988.

Nomenclature

Synonyms

bean dwarf mosaic geminivirus, infectious chlorosis of Malvaceae, malvaceous chlorosis geminivirus (Christie et al., 1986), possibly bean chlorotic mottle virus.

Acronym

AbMV

Strains

abutilon mosaic A West Indies virus, abutilon mosaic B Brazil virus.

ICTV decimal code

29.0.3.0.002

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms vary seasonally (depending on light intensity).
• Abutilon spp., Sida spp., Hibiscus spp., Gossypium hirsutum - yellow mosaic.
• Malva sp., Phaseolus vulgaris - mosaic.

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector; an insect; Bemisia tabaci; Aleyrodidae. Transmitted in a persistent manner. Virus retained when the vector moults; does not multiply in the vector; not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector; transmitted by mechanical inoculation; transmitted by grafting; not transmitted by contact between plants; not transmitted by seed; not transmitted by pollen.

Geographical distribution

Probably distributed worldwide (in ornamental plants). Spreads in the South and Central American region; Argentina.

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible. Experimentally infected plants mostly show yellow mosaic, vein clearing.

Diagnostically susceptible host species and symptoms

• Malva parviflora, Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Top Crop - systemic mosaic, vein clearing.
• Phaseolus vulgaris cv. Alubia - systemic, severe stunting.
• Sida spp. - systemic golden mosaic.

Maintenance and propagation hosts

Malva parviflora, M. sylvestris, Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Top Crop, Imuna, Stringless Green Refugee and Amanda, Sida micrantha, S. rhombifolia.

Assay hosts (Local lesions or Whole plants)

Malva spp. (W), Phaseolus vulgaris cvs Top Crop, Alubia and Imuna (W).

Susceptible host species

• Abelmoschus esculentus
• Abutilon
• Arachis hypogaea
• Cucumis melo
• Cucumis sativus
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba
• Datura stramonium
• Datura tatula
• Glycine max
• Gossypium hirsutum
• Hibiscus
• Lycopersicon esculentum
• Malva parviflora
• Malva sylvestris
• Momordica balsamina
• Nicandra physalodes
• Nicotiana glutinosa
• Nicotiana tabacum
• Phaseolus lunatus
• Phaseolus vulgaris
• Sida
• Sida micrantha
• Sida rhombifolia
• Solanum tuberosum

Insusceptible host species

• Cucurbita pepo
• Lupinus albus

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Cucurbitaceae (3/4)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5/6)
• Malvaceae (9/9)
• Solanaceae (7/7)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Cucurbitaceae (1/4)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (1/6)

Sources of host-range data

Costa (1955); Costa and Carvalho (1960a, 1960b).

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 45-55 °C. LIV: 0.25-2 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 1-2. Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether. Leaf sap contains few virions. Electron microscopy: glutaraldehyde fixation needed before negative staining.

Purification method

Abouzid and Jeske (1986); Morales et al. (1988).

Particle morphology

Virions geminate; not enveloped; 20 nm in diameter; the dimer is 29-33 nm in length; rounded in profile; without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement.

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations, or two sedimenting components in purified preparations; sedimentation coefficient about 90 S; of the other(s) about 70 S. Density in Cs₂SO₄ 1.30 g cm^-3.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 18 % nucleic acid; 82 % protein.

Genome consists of DNA; single-stranded; circular. Total genome size 5.299 kb. Genome of two parts; largest (or only) genome part the larger 2.663 kb; the 2nd largest 2.636 kb.

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Sequence database accession code(s)

• S67640 Em(40)_vi:S67640 Gb(84)_vi:S67640S1 Ac1...Av1 (DNA A) Abutilon mosaic virus, mRNA, 4 genes, 399 nt, segment 1 of 2. 11/93 399bp.
• S67693 Em(40)_vi:S67693 Gb(84)_vi:S67640S2 Ac1...Av1 (DNA A) Abutilon mosaic virus, mRNA, 4 genes, 304 nt, segment 2 of 2. 11/93 304bp
• S67833 Em(40)_vi:S67833 Gb(84)_vi:S67833S1 Bc1, Bv1 (DNA B) Abutilon mosaic virus, mRNA, 206 nt, segment 1 of 3. 11/93 206bp.
• S67843 Em(40)_vi:S67843 Gb(84)_vi:S67833S2 Bc1, Bv1 (DNA B) Abutilon mosaic virus, mRNA, 224 nt, segment 2 of 3. 11/93 224bp.
• S67851 Em(40)_vi:S67851 Gb(84)_vi:S67833S3 Bc1, Bv1 (DNA B) Abutilon mosaic virus, mRNA, 249 nt, segment 3 of 3. 11/93 249bp
• X15983 Em(40)_vi:GEABMVA Gb(84)_vi:GEABMVA Abutilon mosaic virus subgenome DNA A. 9/93 2,629bp.
• X15984 Em(40)_vi:GEABMVB Gb(84)_vi:GEABMVB Abutilon mosaic virus subgenome DNA B. 11/90 2,581bp.
• M88179 Em(40)_vi:GEBDMARAL Gb(84)_vi:BDMARAL13A Bean dwarf mosaic virus coat protein (AR1) gene, putative replicative protein (AL1) gene comp
• M88180 Em(40)_vi:GEBDMBRL1 Gb(84)_vi:BDMBRL1A Bean dwarf mosaic virus (BR1 and BL1) genes, complete cds. 9/92 2,576bp. 9 sequences.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) two; M_r of the larger 28000. M_r of 2nd largest 27000. Method of preparation: Abouzid and Jeske (1986); Morales et al. (1988).

Replication

Genome replicates in nuclei (multiplication depending on daylength). Replication does not depend on a helper virus.

Cytopathology

Virions found in leaves, roots, vascular parenchyma, mesophyll, phloem and companion cells; in cytoplasm, in nuclei, in chloroplasts, and in cell vacuoles. Inclusions present in infected cells; are crystals in the nucleus, viroplasms, and unusual in shape; fibrillar bodies; they contain virions.

Taxonomy and relationships

bigeminivirus: Geminiviridae

Virus(es) with serologically related virions

Bean golden mosaic, African cassava mosaic and mung bean yellow mosaic viruses.

Additional comments on relationships

Genome homologous with those of bean golden mosaic, tomato golden mosaic and African cassava mosaic bigeminiviruses.

Best tests for diagnosis

Often in mixed infections with the closely related bean golden mosaic virus, making identification difficult.

Comments and References

General comments

The bean dwarf mosaic strain destroyed over 40,000 hectares of beans in 1978-81 in north west Argentina, where it causes `achaparramiento' disease.

References

• Abouzid, A. and Jeske, H. (1986). J. Phytopath. 115: 344.
• Baur, E. (1906). Sitzber. Klg. preuss. Akad. Wiss. 1: 11.
• Christie, R.G., Ko, N.J., Falk, B.W., Hiebert, E., Lastra, R., Bird, J. and Kim, K.S. (1986). Phytopathology 76: 124.
• Cooper, J.I. (1979). In: Virus Diseases of Trees and Shrubs. Inst. Terr. Ecol., Oxford, U.K.
• Costa, A.S. (1975). In: Tropical Diseases of Legumes, p. 27; eds J. Bird and K. Maramorosch. Academic Press, New York.
• Costa, A.S. (1955). Phytopath. Z. 24: 97.
• Costa, A.S. and Carvalho, A.M.B. (1960a). Phytopath. Z. 37: 259.
• Costa, A.S. and Carvalho, A.M.B. (1960b). Phytopath. Z. 38: 129.
• Gröning, B.R., Abouzid, A. and Jeske, H. (1987). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 84: 8996.
• Jeske, H. (1980). Eur. J. Cell Biol. 22: 549.
• Jeske, H. (1986). J. Phytopath. 115: 243.
• Jeske, H. and Abouzid, A. (1986). Mitt. biol. BundesAnst. Land. Forstw. 232: 403.
• Jeske, H. and Schuchalter-Eicke, G. (1984). Phytopath. Z. 109: 353.
• Jeske, H. and Werz, G. (1978). Phytopath. Z. 91: 1.
• Jeske, H. and Werz, G. (1980a). Phytopath. Z. 97: 43.
• Jeske, H. and Werz, G. (1980b). Virology 106: 155.
• Jeske, H., Menzel, D. and Werz, G. (1977). Phytopath. Z. 89: 289.
• Morales, F., Niessen, A., Ramirez, C. and Castano, M. (1988). Phytopathology 78: 858.
• Orlando, A. and Silberschmidt, K. (1946). Arch. Inst. Biol., Sao Paulo. 17: 1.
• Schuchalter-Eicke, G. and Jeske, H. (1983). Phytopath. Z. 108: 172.

Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 20^th August 1996.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.